The lack of encryption in unsecured Wi-Fi allows unauthorized individuals within range of the network to easily access and monitor the network traffic. Common security risks associated with unsecured Wi-Fi include:

• Eavesdropping: Hackers can intercept and analyze unencrypted data packets, capturing sensitive information like usernames, passwords, and personal communications.
•  Data Interception: Attackers can use packet sniffing tools to capture data transmitted over the network, potentially leading to identity theft or financial fraud.
• Man-in-the-Middle Attacks: Cybercriminals can position themselves between the user and the Wi-Fi access point to intercept and manipulate data flowing between them.
• Spoofing: Attackers can set up rogue Wi-Fi hotspots with similar names to legitimate networks, tricking users into connecting to them and potentially exposing their data.
• Malware Distribution: Unsecured Wi-Fi can be used as a vector for distributing malware to connected devices.
• Unauthorized Access: Without encryption and proper security, unauthorized users may gain access to the Wi-Fi network, hogging bandwidth or engaging in other malicious activities.

To safeguard against the risks posed by unsecured Wi-Fi networks, users should:

• Use Encrypted Networks: Connect only to Wi-Fi networks that use strong encryption, such as WPA2 or WPA3.
  Avoid Public Wi-Fi for Sensitive Transactions: Refrain from conducting sensitive activities, such as online banking or accessing confidential accounts, on public or unsecured Wi-Fi networks.
• Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN): Consider using a reputable VPN service to encrypt your internet traffic, adding an extra layer of security when using public networks.
  
•  Keep Devices and Software Updated: Regularly update devices and applications to patch security vulnerabilities and minimize the risk of exploitation.
• Disable Automatic Wi-Fi Connection: Turn off the automatic connection feature on your device to prevent it from connecting to unsecured networks without your knowledge.